第18章 SpringBoot 监控

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Web支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 安全支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Micrometer监控 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId> <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId> </dependency>

# application.yml management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: health,info,metrics,prometheus,env,beans base-path: /actuator endpoint: health: show-details: always show-components: always info: enabled: true metrics: enabled: true health: defaults: enabled: true diskspace: enabled: true db: enabled: true info: env: enabled: true java: enabled: true os: enabled: true # 应用信息 info: app: name: SpringBoot监控示例 version: 1.0.0 description: Actuator监控功能演示 build: artifact: spring-boot-actuator-demo version: 1.0.0

@Component public class CustomHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Override public Health health() { // 检查业务逻辑 boolean isHealthy = checkBusinessLogic(); if (isHealthy) { return Health.up() .withDetail("database", "连接正常") .withDetail("cache", "缓存可用") .withDetail("external-service", "服务正常") .build(); } else { return Health.down() .withDetail("error", "业务检查失败") .build(); } } private boolean checkBusinessLogic() { // 实际的健康检查逻辑 return true; } }

@RestController public class MetricsController { private final MeterRegistry meterRegistry; private final Counter requestCounter; private final Timer requestTimer; public MetricsController(MeterRegistry meterRegistry) { this.meterRegistry = meterRegistry; this.requestCounter = Counter.builder("api.requests") .description("API请求计数") .register(meterRegistry); this.requestTimer = Timer.builder("api.response.time") .description("API响应时间") .register(meterRegistry); } @GetMapping("/api/data") public String getData() { return Timer.Sample.start(meterRegistry) .stop(requestTimer); } }

@Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class ActuatorSecurityConfig { @Bean public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeHttpRequests(authz -> authz .requestMatchers("/actuator/health").permitAll() .requestMatchers("/actuator/info").permitAll() .requestMatchers("/actuator/**").hasRole("ADMIN") .anyRequest().authenticated() ) .httpBasic(Customizer.withDefaults()); return http.build(); } } # 配置用户 spring: security: user: name: admin password: admin123 roles: ADMIN

@Component @Endpoint(id = "business") public class BusinessEndpoint { @ReadOperation public Map<String, Object> business() { Map<String, Object> details = new HashMap<>(); details.put("activeUsers", 1500); details.put("totalOrders", 25000); details.put("revenue", "¥1,250,000"); details.put("systemLoad", "正常"); return details; } @WriteOperation public void updateConfig(@Selector String key, String value) { // 更新配置逻辑 System.out.println("更新配置: " + key + " = " + value); } }